The name INDIA is derived from Indus , has 28 states & 9 Union territories.

Water plays an important role in changing shapes over the land although. Its amount is not uniform at all places. At some places it is found an abundance and at other its quantity is very small. When Surface water seeps into Earth through porus rocks, it is known as underground water.

Erosional Landforms :Erosion is the wearing away of the landscape by different agents like water, wind and ice. Different landforms created on the surface of the earth because of erosion are called erosional landforms. Valleys, potholes, entrenched Meanders and river Terraces are some examples of erosional landforms.

Erosional Landform

Depositional Landforms: Erosion is the wearing away of the landscape by different agents like water, wind and ice. The eroded material is carried away or transported by water, wind, etc. and eventually deposited. Landforms created because of erosion are called erosional landforms and landforms created because of deposition are called depositional landforms.

• Erosional landforms: Valleys, potholes, entrenched Meanders and river Terraces.
• Depositional landforms: Alluvial Fans, deltas, meanders and braided channels.

The wind is an active agent of erosion and deposition in the deserts. In deserts, we often notice rocks in the shape of a mushroom, known as mushroom rocks. Winds erode the lower section of the rock more than the upper part. Therefore, such rocks have a narrower base and a wider top. When the wind blows, it lifts and transports sand from one place to another. When the wind stops blowing the sand falls and gets deposited in a low hill-like structure. These are called sand dunes. When the grains are very fine and light, the wind can carry it over long distances. When such sand is deposited in a large area, it is called loess.

• The wind is the main geomorphic agent in the hot deserts.
• Winds in hot deserts have greater speed which causes erosional and depositional activities in the desert.
• The landforms which are created by erosional and depositional activities of wind are called as Aeolian Landforms.
• This process is not unique to the Earth, and it has been observed and studied on other planets, including Mars.
  An erg (also known as sand sea / dune sea / sand sheet if it lacks dunes) is a broad, flat area of desert covered with wind-swept sand with little or no vegetative cover. It is defined as a desert area that contains more than 125 square kilometres of aeolian or wind-blown sand and where sand covers more than 20% of the surface. Smaller areas are known as “dune fields”. The largest hot desert in the world, the Sahara, contains several ergs.

 Wind Eroded Basins : A land form produced by deflation is a shallow depression  called a blowout. Ex: Quattara depression in Egypt

Barchan : An isolated heap of free sand is called a barchan or crescentic dune. Found in Sahara Desert.