Present Indefinite Tense

• Active : S+VI + S/ES + O
• Passive: O + is/am/are + VIII + by + S +?
• Active : Do/Does + S+VI + O ?
• Passive:  Is/am/are +O+ VIII + by + S +?

Examples: ( Active -> Passive ) 

• She reads the notification ->The notification is read by her.
• I write a novel -> A novel is written by me.
• Does she buy clothes ? -> Are clothes bought by her ?

Present Continuous Tense

• Active : S+is/am/are + V+ing + O
• Passive: O + is/am/are + being + VIII + by + S 
• Active : Q+is/am/are +S+ V+ing + O + ?
• Passive: Q + is/am/are + O+ being + VIII + by + S +?

Examples:( Active -> Passive ) 

•  Leena is humming a tune. ->A tune is being hummed by Leena
• Kanika is not slicing the potatoes. -> Potatoes are not being sliced by Kanika.
• Is Reena purchasing a car ?  -> Is a car being purchased by Reena ?

Present Perfect Tense

• Active : S+has/have + VIII+ O
• Passive: O + has/have + been + VIII + by + S 
• Active : Q+has/have+S+ V+ing + O + ?
• Passive: Q + has/have + O+ been + VIII + by + S +?

Examples:( Active -> Passive ) 

• I have studied the magazine. ->The magazine has been studied by me.
• Radha has not composed a song. -> A song has not been composed by Radha.
• Have they abandoned the institution ?-> Has the institution been abandoned by them ?
• Has he done the work? -> Has the work been done by him?

Past Indefinite Tense

• Active : S+VII+ O
• Passive: O + was/were+ VIII + by + S 
• Active : Q+ did +S+ VI+ O + ?
• Passive: Q + did + O+ been + VIII + by + S +?

Examples:( Active -> Passive ) 

• Jeffy purchased a new scooter. ->A new scooter was bought by Jeffy.
• Mohini cleared the dues. -> The dues were cleared by Mohini.
• Did you show me the dress? -> Was I shown the dress by you?

Past Continuous Tense

• Active : S+was/were + V+ing + O
• Passive: O + was/were+ being + VIII + by + S 
• Active : Q+was/were+S+ V+ing + O + ?
• Passive: Q + was/were + O+ being + VIII + by + S +?

Examples:( Active -> Passive ) 

• I was playing video games.  ->The video games were being played by me.
• Were you playing the piano ? -> Was the piano being played ?
• Anna was learning Japanese. -> Japanese was being learned by Anna.

Past Perfect Tense

• Active : S+had + VIII+ O
• Passive: O + had + been + VIII + by + S 
• Active : Q+had+S+ V+ing + O + ?
• Passive: Q + had + O+ been + VIII + by + S +?

Examples:( Active -> Passive ) 

• I had accomplished my goal.->My goal had been accomplished by me.
• Rena had finished his lecture. -> His lecture had been finished by Rena.
•  Had they arrested the culprit ?-> Had the culprit been arrested by them ?

Future Indefinite Tense

• Active : S+ shall/will+VI+ O
• Passive: O +shall be/will be + VIII + by + S 
• Active : Q+ shall/will+S+ VI+ O + ?
• Passive: Q + shall /will + O + be + VIII + by + S +?

Examples:( Active -> Passive ) 

• They will clear the bills. ->The bills will be cleared by them.
• Diya will not organize the books.-> The books will not be organized by Diya.
• Will you scrub the pan ? -> Will the pan be scrubbed by you ?

Future Perfect Tense

• Active : S+shall/will + have +VIII+ O
• Passive: O +shall/will+have + been + VIII + by + S 
• Active : Q+shall/will+ have + VIII + O + ?
• Passive: Q + shall/will + O+ have + been + VIII + by + S +?

Examples:( Active -> Passive ) 

• They will have purchased the blanket. ->The blanket will have been purchased by them.
• Nima will not have placed the bedsheet.-> The bedsheet will not have been placed by Nima.
• Will she have noted the details ?-> Will the details have been noted by her ?

Intransitive Verb Also Cannot Be Transformed in Passive Voice.

Intransitive Verb: She smiles (smiles is an intransitive verb and doesn't need an object to convey the complete meaning). Other examples of intransitive verbs include - laugh, sleep, reach, sit, etc.

So these sentences do not require any object, so hence these cannot be changed into passive voice.

Some of the examples of the same are;

• She is laughing.
• She has gone.
• They died in 2020.

Imperative Sentence

Imperative sentences are those that communicate orders, requests, commands, proposals, and so on. With or without an object, the passive version of imperative phrases begins.

Let + object +be + past participle = passive form (With object).

If a sentence starts with 'You are instructed/ advised/ requested?' use the passive form (no object).

……. etc. As an example,

active - Take your medication on time.

Passive - You are advised to take medication on time.

Active voice - Let me serve there.

Passive voice- I may be permitted to serve there.

Interrogative Sentence

Interrogative sentences are those that pose questions. Interrogative phrases in voice can be of two types: with or without a wh group word. If "who" appears in the active voice, it should be changed to "by whom" in the passive form. When there is no Wh word in the active voice, the assisting verb comes before the object because the sentence is interrogative. As an example,

Active - Who appreciates him ?

Passive - By whom is he appreciated ?

Active -Are you attempting the quiz ?

Passive - Is the quiz being attempted by you ?

Active and Passive Voice Examples With Answers (Using Modals)

The formula for Active and Passive using Can

Active Voice: Subject+ can+ infinitive+ object

Passive Voice: Object+ can be+ past participle+ by subject

Examples

Active: He can buy all the fruits.

Passive: All the fruits can be bought by him.

Active: Can he play the piano ?

Passive: Can the violin be played by him ?

However, this rule also applies in the case of negative sentences, i.e., sentences with can not.

Let us have a look at the examples;

Active: Romy cannot purchase this mobile.

Passive: This mobile cannot be purchased by Romy.

Active: Raju cannot fix the problem.

Passive: The problem cannot be fixed by Raju.

Active and Passive Voice Examples With Answers (Using May)

The formula for Active and Passive using Can

Active Voice: Subject+ may+ infinitive+ object

Passive Voice: Object+ may be+ past participle+ by subject

Examples;

Active: She may buy a new laptop.

Passive: A new laptop may be bought by her.

Active: May I take a bite ?

Passive: May a bite be taken by me ?

However, this rule also applies in the case of negative sentences, i.e., sentences with may not.

Also, the formula remains the same.

Let us have a look at the examples;

Active: She may not purchase the laptop.

Passive: The laptop may not be purchased by her.

Active: He may not attend the seminar.

Passive: The seminar may not be attended by him.

Active and Passive Voice Examples With Answers (Using Must)

The formula for Active and Passive using Must

Active Voice: Subject+ must+ infinitive+ object

Passive Voice: Object+ must be+ past participle+ by subject

Active: She must complete her task by today.

Passive: Her task must be completed by her by today.

Active: Dav must purchase this T-shirt.

Passive: This T-shirt must be purchased by Dave.

However, this rule also applies in the case of negative sentences, i.e., sentences with must not.

Also, the formula remains the same.

Let us have a look at the examples ;

Active: Dav must not drive the car after the party.

Passive: The car must not be driven by Dav after the party.

Active and Passive Voice Examples With Answers (Using Must)

The formula for Active and Passive using Must

Active Voice: Subject+ might+ infinitive+ object

Passive Voice: Object+ might be+ past participle+ by subject

Active: I might meet my old friends today.

Passive: Old friends might be me today.

Active: Disha might visit the mall today.

Passive: The mall might be visited by Disha today.

However, this rule also applies in the case of negative sentences, i.e., sentences with might not. Also, the formula remains the same.

Let us have a look at the examples ;

Active: Visitors might not be allowed to wear shoes.

Passive: Shoes might not be allowed to be worn by visitors.

Active and Passive Voice Examples With Answers (Using May have, should have, must have, might have, etc.)

Active: She may have grabbed the opportunity.

Passive: The opportunity may have been grabbed by her.

Active: She may not have grabbed the opportunity.

Passive: The opportunity may not have been grabbed by her.

Active: She might have enjoyed the food.

Passive: The food might have been enjoyed by her.

Active: She might not have enjoyed the food.

Passive: The food might not have been enjoyed by her.

Active: She should have completed the assignment.

Passive: The assignment should have been completed by her.

Active: She should not have skipped the assignment.

Passive: The assignment should not have been skipped by her.

Active: She must have started the task.

Passive: The task must have been started by her.

Active: She must not have started the calculation.

Passive: The calculation must not have been started by her.

Active: She ought to have aided the little boy.

Passive: The little boy ought to have been aided by her.

Active and Passive with Verbs accompanied by Modals ( can, might, may, should, ought, must )

The kind of verb is the same as that in Simple Future tense, i.e., Modal auxiliary + be+ 3rd form.

Active: She can do this task.

Passive: This task can be done by her.

Active: Cops could not catch the robber.

Passive: The robber could not be caught by the cops.

Active: She may study this course.

Passive: This course may be studied by her.

Active: I might sing a brilliant song.

Passive: A brilliant song might be sung by me.

Active: We should respect our elders.

Passive: Our elders should be respected by us.

Active: He would train us on Friday.

Passive: We would be trained by him on Friday.

Active: She must support the needy.

Passive: The needy must be supported by her.

Active: Could you calculate the expenses ?

Passive: Could the expenses be calculated by you ?

Active: Who could aid her ?

Passive: By whom could she be aided ?